Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Retrofits: $190 Billion Market

How big is the market for energy-efficient retrofits of commercial buildings? In a word: Immense. In numbers: Tens of billions of dollars, as we've quantified in previous SmartEnergyWorks posts. As ambitious and bullish as we are at Octus about the market -- and our opportunity to build an extraordinary business -- the Urban Land Institute just upped the stakes.

According to ULI, and as reported in SustainableBusiness.com, the market potential for energy efficiency retrofits in commercial real estate is projected to total $190 billion over the next ten years. From the article:

... the sheer size of the commercial real estate sector's carbon footprint illustrates the potential of energy-efficiency measures to make a dramatic impact on reducing emissions. The nation's approximately five million commercial buildings are responsible for 18% of total annual energy consumption in the U.S.; moreover, only 7% of those buildings represent half of the overall floor area of commercial buildings.

Investing in energy efficiency in real estate--an emerging practice with great market potential--requires new business practices and government incentives to overcome investment barriers. "Recent efforts to catalyze investments in energy efficiency in buildings have challenged how policy makers and market participants view real estate finance and valuation practices," the report says.

"Are investments in energy efficiency to be approached as a discreet value capable of being financed independently of the underlying real estate asset, and then traded as "efficiency-backed" securities on secondary markets? Or, is an energy efficiency investment to be treated in the same way a lobby upgrade is, which without question drives new value to the real estate asset? The answer is both, as policymakers work to unleash market forces to reduce energy demand."

The reports states that innovation in this emerging investment market requires evidence of real costs and returns. Information now available on building performance indicates that feasible energy retrofits for an individual building typically save 20% to 30% and in some cases as much as 60% of energy use, depending on a building's age, type, design, condition and maintenance.

As we discussed a few weeks ago, several energy efficiency project financing vehicles (including the Octus-Five Star Bank Building Energy Savings program; click here for a recent Business Journal article) are emerging. Coupled with increasing incentives and rebates from utility companies, the market is ripe, albeit with barriers. The ULI report echoes our thinking: there is a strong business case for commercial real estate owners and managers to incorporate energy efficient practices in their business strategies:

• Operating-cost reductions through energy savings in an era of tighter budgets
• The creation of reputational advantage in the context of evolving voluntary and regulatory emissions reductions targets
• The creation of new markets or lines of service leading to economic expansion
• Improved tenant working environments, leading to employee retention and higher productivity
• Lower building vacancy rates and tenant turnover
• Reduced business risk in the midst of energy price volatility and changes in consumer preferences regarding green building
• Reduced reputational risk in a globalized, increasingly transparent marketplace.

As SustainableBusiness summarizes, the report cites the need for a change in the perception of energy efficiency as an "investment in less," as in less environmental impact, to an "investment in more," or an investment that produces more value and cost-saving.

We could not agree more.

Energy Efficiency and Real Estate: Opportunities for Investors (take two)

In a post last week, we summarized a Mercer and Ceres report, Energy efficiency and real estate: Opportunities for investors. The report equips real estate investors and property managers with a pragmatic framework, and anecdotal evidence, to make informed decisions about how to implement energy-efficiency initiatives, with a central theme: If you’re not investing in energy efficiency, you are leaving money on the table. Corroborating music to our ears.

The report concludes with eight terse and meaningful morsels:

• Energy efficient buildings offer a measurable financial benefit over non-green buildings, in the form of higher rent, occupancy, valuation and lower operating costs
• No- or low-cost energy efficiency improvements can have quick and dramatic impacts on property operating costs
• Poorly performing buildings represent an opportunity for a significant investment gain when it comes to energy efficiency
• Additional improvements require planning, partnerships and initial investments, but can also decrease operating expenses and raise resale and leasing value
• Investment managers and products that consider energy efficiency and green building practices are increasingly available to investors
• Barriers to implementing energy efficiency improvements are eroding as demand grows, research on the benefits continues, and supporting products and services improve feasibility and cost-effectiveness
• A growing number of strong networks, initiatives and tools are helping investors, owners and property managers measure and improve energy performance and prioritize new projects and programs
• All of the above factors facilitate indirect approaches to energy efficiency improvements, which provide further opportunities to investors

As Energy Efficiency Booms, Buildings Get a Brain

The Cleantech Group recently released a comprehensive analysis of energy efficiency innovations in commercial office buildings. The findings are promising -- and lucrative -- for commercial building owners, managers and developers, let alone smart energy investors.

“Commercial office buildings consume 40% of the electricity produced in the U.S. and 18% of total U.S. energy,” said Sheeraz Haji, president of the Cleantech Group. “Our analysis shows that energy efficiency is poised to overtake solar as a top investment category in 2010, and commercial buildings represent a prime target. Lower investment costs, financial incentives, and faster payback periods are fueling product competition as data-driven technologies battle over the building’s brain.”

As we opined in a previous post, commercial, industrial and municipal buildings are dumb, inefficient and, above all, wasteful. If you own or manage a building (or a portfolio of buildings), you are unnecessarily wasting money every day. But, if your building has a brain -- if it's intelligent and you are intelligent in your management of your asset -- you, well, get smart. Andrew DeGuire, vice president, strategy and acquisitions with Johnson Controls, explains:

True building efficiency can only be achieved when executives take a more holistic view of their portfolio of buildings. Robust building control systems can be networked within buildings and across a portfolio to integrate security, lighting and HVAC with other enterprise applications, providing real-time data to track performance, decrease operating costs, and set future efficiency goals.

According to the Cleantech report, the focus on performance is driving an information and communication technologies invasion of buildings to enable greater visibility and control as vendors compete to be the gateway to building intelligence. Data-driven energy efficiency products and services look poised to grow, including low-powered Wi-Fi sensors, energy management software, building automation, and smart lighting and windows.

We could not agree more. A decade ago, few computers and information systems were networked; now, it's commonplace. Today, few buildings (and their energy-consuming equipment, specifically lighting and cooling systems) are networked. Ten years from now, we may look back and chortle at the back-then arcane -- boy, they were dumb! -- and wasteful condition of buildings.

Energy Efficiency and Real Estate: Opportunities for Investors

Commercial real estate developers, owners and managers are not adverse to making money. However, many are tentatively uncertain when it comes to energy efficiency -- implementing energy- and cost-savings measures to improve the performance and increase the value of their assets. Until recently, their trepidation made sense; minimal information and benchmarks existed to validate and propel their energy-efficiency investments. Times are changing.

A recent report authored by Mercer and Ceres -- Energy efficiency and real estate: Opportunities for investors -- elaborates how and why fiduciaries responsible for real estate portfolios assume significant risk and overlook substantial opportunities to enhance returns if they fail to factor energy efficiency into their real estate investment decisions. The seminal report lays out the steps investors can take to improve energy efficiency, and presents best practices for different types of investments.

A few metrics validating the business case for energy efficiency:

• A 2008 McGraw-Hill Construction/US Green Building Council survey found that markets for green commercial and institutional buildings in the US have risen from 2 percent in 2005 ($3 billion) to about 10 to 12 percent of construction value ($24 billion – $29 billion) in 2008, with projected growth to 20 to 25 percent ($56 billion – $70 billion) by 2013.
• Current research by RREEF, Deutsche Bank’s real estate investment division, reveals a shortage of energy efficient real estate to meet this growing demand. Price and value premiums observed for green buildings reflect this shortage of such properties on the market.
• A Maastricht University study found an actual rental premium of 3.5 percent on US office properties, a 6 percent increase in occupancy for ENERGY STAR buildings (similar to McGraw-Hill survey results), and a 16 to 17 percent premium on transaction prices (sales price per square foot).
• In a 2008 study, University of Arizona Professor Gary Pivo and Indiana University Professor Jeffrey Fischer found higher income and income growth, lower capitalization rates, higher net operating income per square foot, higher market value, higher rent and lower expenses for ENERGY STAR rated properties, compared to properties with no energy efficiency rating.
• In a 2009 study, researchers at the School of Real Estate and Planning at Henley Business School found commercial building price premiums of 10 percent and 31 percent, respectively, for ENERGY STAR and LEED- certified buildings.

In addition, the report (page 26) sequences -- in plain, make-it-happen language -- technical improvements for energy efficiency upgrades: Retrocommissioning, lighting, supplemental load reductions, air distribution systems, and heating and cooling systems.

Overall, the three most significant drivers for energy-saving retrofits are energy cost reductions, responding to client demand and a desire to create a superior product. Based purely on economic returns, investing in energy efficiency is the single most viable investment a property owner or manager can make.